NeoDarwinian Review

While the random mutational model of evolution has long been a cornerstone of evolutionary biology, the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) and the study of epigenetics are challenging its core assumptions. The Random Mutational Model and Its Limitations The traditional view of evolution, often called the Modern Synthesis or neo-Darwinism , emphasizes random genetic mutations as the primary source of variation. Natural selection then acts upon this variation, favoring individuals with advantageous traits. This model has been successful in explaining some evolutionary phenomena, but it also has limitations: It struggles to explain complex adaptations: The idea that complex features like the eye or the immune system arose solely through random mutations seems statistically improbable. It overlooks the role of the environment: The traditional model treats the environment as a selective force, but it doesn't fully consider how organisms can actively respond to and s...

The journal article "Molecular and Systemic Epigenetic Inheritance: Integrating Development, Genetics, and Evolution" delves into a fascinating and complex area of biology that challenges some traditional views on inheritance and evolution . Here's a breakdown of the key themes and ideas explored in this journal: The Central Question: For a long time, the prevailing view in biology was that inheritance was solely determined by the transmission of DNA sequences from parents to offspring. This perspective suggested that an organism's traits were essentially pre-programmed by its genes. However, this idea has been challenged by the growing field of epigenetics , which reveals that factors beyond DNA sequence can also influence an organism's traits and potentially be passed down to future generations. The journal explores this challenge, asking: How do we integrate our understanding of development , genetics, and evolution in light of the evidence f...

The human body, a marvel of biological engineering, comprises over 200 distinct cell types , each performing specialized functions crucial for life. This incredible cellular diversity arises not solely from the information encoded within our genes, but also from the dynamic interplay of epigenetics, a field that goes beyond the traditional neo-Darwinian framework. While neo-Darwinism focuses on genetic mutations and natural selection as the primary drivers of evolution, epigenetics reveals how gene expression can be modulated without altering the underlying DNA sequence, offering a deeper understanding of cellular differentiation and development. The human genome, the complete set of genetic instructions, provides the blueprint for building a human. However, this blueprint is not a rigid, pre-determined program . Instead, it is a flexible set of instructions that can be interpreted and executed differently depending on the context. This context is provided by the epigen...